Recent court decisions in the technology, media, and telecommunications sector are expected to influence the way in which businesses manage, protect, and enforce their intellectual property rights and trade secrets in Bulgaria.

Austria’s data strategy is derived from the European data strategy. It aims to improve the framework conditions for the data economy and to promote the secure exchange and broad use of data.

Lithuania has updated its national legislation, with the revised Cybersecurity Law aligning with Directive (EU) 2022/2555 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 14 December 2022 on measures for a high common level of cybersecurity across the Union, amending Regulation (EU) No 910/2014 and Directive (EU) 2018/1972, and repealing Directive (EU) 2016/1148 (NIS2 Directive). The new Cybersecurity Law took effect on October 18, 2024. The implementing legislation was adopted on November 6, 2024.

The NIS2 Directive is the EU-wide legislation on cybersecurity. It provides legal measures to increase the overall level of cybersecurity in the EU by modernizing the existing legal framework, broadening the scope of covered entities, and specifying high fines (2% or EUR 10 million for essential entities, or 1.4% of global annual turnover or EUR 7 million for important entities), directly involving the board members of covered organizations and holding them accountable for any breach of the legal framework established by the new Directive.

We are living in very interesting times with spectacular innovations in technology. The law is hardly keeping up with all these changes. Companies and authors of intellectual property works are also challenged and need to adjust to the new evolving environment.

In the summer of 2024, the Croatian Intellectual Property Office published a report detailing intellectual property (IP) infringement data for 2023. This statistical overview sheds light on the enforcement of IP rights across three main segments in Croatia: liability for misdemeanors (falling under the jurisdiction of the Croatian Customs Administration), criminal liability (managed by the State Attorney’s Office), and civil liability (which is enforced through private actions, often involving Collective Management Organizations (CMOs)). This article analyzes the trends observed in the 2023 report, aiming to provide insight into the future landscape of IP enforcement in Croatia and explore implications for rightsholders and other stakeholders in the IP space.

The Slovene language has long been a core part of Slovenia’s national identity, instrumental in unifying the nation during its journey to independence in 1991. However, globalization and digitalization have increasingly challenged the prominence of Slovene in public and commercial domains. This pressure has placed responsibility on the Slovenian government to safeguard the language’s role in the face of a rapidly globalizing world. Recent amendments to the Act on the Public Use of Slovene (Act) reflect this commitment to preserving and expanding Slovene’s presence in public, commercial, and digital spheres.

With the rollout of 5G technology, North Macedonia will have to clear a number of legal and regulatory hurdles before benefitting from its potential to transform industries, improve connectivity, and drive economic growth. The country’s telecommunications framework faces the dual challenge of accommodating this groundbreaking technology while ensuring alignment with EU standards.

Bad faith trademark registrations in Moldova can pose certain challenges for foreign companies in the country. Understanding the implications of bad faith trademark registrations in Moldova is crucial for businesses looking to protect their intellectual property.

The Law for Protection of Personal Data (LPPD) in Kosovo establishes guidelines for protecting personal data and regulates its transfer to other countries.

In our Looking In series, we talk to Partners from outside CEE who are keeping an eye on the region (and often pop up in our deal ticker) to learn how they perceive CEE markets and their evolution. For this issue, we sat down with Baker McKenzie Stockholm Partner and a member of the firm’s Global Executive Committee Anders Fast.

In 2024, the financial market in Ukraine has remained resilient and stable even though the Russian full-scale military aggression against Ukraine approaches its third anniversary. This has been possible due to the continuing financial support coming from Ukraine’s allies and international donors. Notably, G7 leaders have recently announced a USD 50 billion lending package for Ukraine to be repaid with revenues from Russian frozen assets.

Simplifying access to financing for farmers can increase the productivity and profitability of the industry, allowing producers and processors of agricultural products to invest in the latest technologies and innovative solutions, enhancing efficiency.

The past year has demonstrated that an ongoing conflict is not an obstacle to development and investment. Despite infrastructure being targeted by shelling, Ukraine’s real GDP grew by 4% in the first nine months of 2024, with expectations that this figure will reach 4.3-4.6% in the coming years. To maintain this growth, Ukraine must actively engage private investments to rebuild its damaged infrastructure and assets.

As Ukraine continues to resist the Russian Federation’s invasion, its M&A market in 2024 demonstrates both resilience and adaptability. While the early months of the full-scale war in 2022 likely represented an all-time low for dealmaking, today’s landscape appears far more dynamic. Although reaching and surpassing pre-war levels of activity will take time, the market is showing clear signs of recovery.

Montenegro’s real estate sector is undergoing significant transformations due to recent legislative changes and proposed reforms, particularly in the tourism sector. These novelties will impact investors, developers, and most certainly the entire economy of Montenegro, but it remains debatable if the impact will be positive.

From September 2024, the Montenegrin Parliament passed a series of tax legislative amendments aligned with the country’s Fiscal Strategy for 2024-2027. Set to take effect on January 1, 2025, these reforms aim to increase budget revenues to offset recent reductions in labor taxes and improve the business environment. The changes affect the Corporate Income Tax Law, Personal Income Tax Law, VAT Law, Law on the Write-off of Interest on Outstanding Tax Liabilities, and Excise Law, focusing on modernizing the tax system and stimulating investments primarily in the agricultural sector.

In The Debrief, our Practice Leaders across CEE share updates on recent and upcoming legislation, consider the impact of recent court decisions, showcase landmark projects, and keep our readers apprised of the latest developments impacting their respective practice areas.