The word “fiduciary” originates from the Latin language and in translation means trust or pledge and dates back to Roman law and denotes a contract that is created when one party, the fiduciary (fiducians), hands over to another party a fiduciary (fiduciarius) something for ownership, and the fiduciary undertakes to return the same thing to the ownership of the fiduciary after the expiration of a certain term or the fulfillment of a certain condition. The fiduciary transfer of ownership rights i.e. fiduciary (“Fiduciary”) was introduced as a legal institute into the Montenegrin legal system through the Law on Fiduciary Transfer of Rights (“Official Gazette RCG No 23/96”) and after that, it continued to live under the Law on Property Relations (“Official Gazette CG No 19/09”).

On the evening of April 1, 2025, the Deal of the Year Awards Banquet brought together, under the same roof, over 200 top-tier lawyers from Central and Eastern Europe's leading law firms and General Counsel from across the region in Prague.

CMS Partners Horea Popescu, Alexander Rakosi, and Ryszard Manteuffel discuss the ebb and flow of M&A deals in CEE, highlighting that the M&A landscape experienced a significant drop in overall deal values prompting strategic shifts amid ongoing geopolitical and financing challenges.

Montenegro has enacted two new laws that significantly reform its investment fund sector.

Montenegro’s real estate and hospitality sectors have been gaining momentum, driven by the country’s natural beauty, strategic location, and an increasingly favorable investment environment. Keker, Bujkovic, Pejovic Partner Aleksandra Bujkovic, JPM Partners Senior Partner Lana Vukmirovic Misic, BDK Advokati Senior Partner Luka Popovic, and Vujacic Law Office Partner Sasa Vujacic discuss the country’s competitive advantages, challenges faced by investors, and the steps needed to further enhance its appeal to foreign capital.

Vezuv Director of Legal Affairs Filip Knezevic talks about his career and the challenges of navigating the regulator’s relationship with the gambling sector.

An in-depth look at Luka Popovic of BDK Advokati covering his career path, education, and top projects as a lawyer as well as a few insights about him as a manager at work and as a person outside the office.

Harrisons has advised the EBRD on two loan facilities provided to Crnogorska Komercijalna Banka Podgorica aimed at enhancing access to affordable green finance for businesses and homeowners.

The Law on Amendments to the Law on Prevention of Money Laundering and Terrorist Financing ("Law") has been adopted, and a decree on its promulgation has been issued. The Law was published in the “Official Gazette of Montenegro” on 12^th March 2025, and it enters into force on 20^th March 2025.

Jovovic, Mugosa & Vukovic Attorney at Law Bojana Nikcevic discusses the impact of judicial delays, activities of the Bar Association, and the legislative changes that are set to reshape Montenegro’s competition law, business regulations, and corporate compliance in the country.

Karanovic & Partners has advised the Green for Growth Fund on a EUR 3 million loan to Lovcen Bank Podgorica.

Komnenic & Partners Managing Partner Milos Komnenic and Partner Nemanja Radovic talk about real estate in 2025 in Montenegro.

CEE Legal Matters is proud to introduce the latest in our Comparative Guides series. This one focuses on Real Estate in CEE.

Contributed by Komnenic & Partners.

The Montenegrin Agency for the Protection of Competition ("Agency") has released draft version of the Law on Procedures for Compensation of Damages Resulting from Competition Violations ("Damage Law") and draft of the amendments and supplements to the Law on the Protection of Competition ("Competition Law"), whose aim is to align Montenegrin legislation with legislation of the European Union as part of Chapter 8 in the negotiations for Montenegro's accession to the European Union.

At the session held on December 19, 2024, the Government of Montenegro adopted the Bill of Law on Construction of Buildings and the Bill of Law on Spatial Planning. It was proposed that these laws should be adopted through an expedited procedure.

Montenegro’s real estate sector is undergoing significant transformations due to recent legislative changes and proposed reforms, particularly in the tourism sector. These novelties will impact investors, developers, and most certainly the entire economy of Montenegro, but it remains debatable if the impact will be positive.

From September 2024, the Montenegrin Parliament passed a series of tax legislative amendments aligned with the country’s Fiscal Strategy for 2024-2027. Set to take effect on January 1, 2025, these reforms aim to increase budget revenues to offset recent reductions in labor taxes and improve the business environment. The changes affect the Corporate Income Tax Law, Personal Income Tax Law, VAT Law, Law on the Write-off of Interest on Outstanding Tax Liabilities, and Excise Law, focusing on modernizing the tax system and stimulating investments primarily in the agricultural sector.